USOHIGH SIGNALFINANCIAL10-K

USO experienced a dramatic financial reversal, swinging from $23.5M profit to -$64.7M loss while simultaneously changing its futures contract rolling strategy from 10-day to 5-day periods.

The extreme volatility in USO's financial performance reflects the inherent challenges of tracking oil prices through futures contracts, particularly given the fund's history of operational disruptions during the 2020 oil market crisis. The operational change to a shorter rolling period may indicate management's attempt to reduce tracking error or contango costs, but occurred alongside severe financial underperformance that investors should view as a warning about the fund's volatility and execution risks.

Comparing 2026-02-27 vs 2025-02-28View on EDGAR →
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

USO's financials deteriorated dramatically with net income plunging 376% from positive $23.5M to negative $64.7M, while revenue turned negative at -$56.2M. Operating cash flow swung from positive $175.7M to negative $21.9M, though total assets declined only 19% to $889.6M with cash reserves remaining substantial at $651.9M. The financial picture shows a fund struggling with severe performance issues despite maintaining adequate liquidity, signaling potential structural challenges in achieving its oil tracking objective.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT CHANGES
Net Income
P&L
-375.6%
$23.5M-$64.7M

Net income declined 375.6% — review whether driven by operations, interest costs, or non-recurring items.

Revenue
P&L
-319.9%
$25.6M-$56.2M

Revenue declined 319.9% — significant demand weakness or market share loss warrants investigation.

Operating Cash Flow
Cash Flow
-112.4%
$175.7M-$21.9M

Operating cash flow fell 112.4% — earnings quality concerns; investigate working capital changes and non-cash items.

Total Liabilities
Balance Sheet
-67.4%
$10.9M$3.5M

Liabilities reduced 67.4% — deleveraging improves balance sheet strength and financial flexibility.

Total Assets
Balance Sheet
-19.1%
$1.1B$889.6M

Total assets contracted 19.1% — asset sales, write-downs, or balance sheet optimization underway.

Cash & Equivalents
Balance Sheet
-10.4%
$727.5M$651.9M

Cash decreased 10.4% — monitor burn rate and upcoming capital needs.

LANGUAGE CHANGES
NEW — 2026-02-27
PRIOR — 2025-02-28
ADDED
USCF also serves as the general partner of the United States Natural Gas Fund, LP ( UNG ), the United States 12 Month Oil Fund, LP ( USL ), the United States Gasoline Fund, LP ( UGA ), which listed their limited partnership shares on the American Stock Exchange (the AMEX ) under the ticker symbols UNG on April 18, 2007, USL on December 6, 2007 and UGA on February 26, 2008, respectively.
To meet its investment objective, USO primarily invests in futures contracts for light, sweet crude oil, other types of crude oil, diesel-heating oil, gasoline, natural gas, and other petroleum-based fuels that are traded on the NYMEX, ICE Futures or other U.S.
Following the significant market volatility that occurred in the Spring of 2020 and the market conditions, regulatory requirements and risk mitigation measures taken by USO and USO s FCM that impacted USO as a result thereof, USO disclosed its parameters for making decisions regarding the permitted investments USO would hold, including the intended order of priority in selection investments and the type of investments to be held in its portfolio.
Prior to January 1 2026, USO rolled its positions over a ten-day period instead of a five-day period.
The change from a ten-day roll period to a five-day roll period did not change USO s benchmark or its investment objective.
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REMOVED
The registrant had 13,423,603 outstanding shares as of February 24, 2025.
In providing such exposure, USCF employs a neutral investment strategy in order to track changes in the price of the Benchmark Oil Futures Contract regardless of whether the price goes up or goes down.
Prior to the Spring of 2020, USO has achieved its investment objective by primarily investing in the Benchmark Oil Futures Contract and Oil Futures Contracts for light, sweet crude oil traded on NYMEX and ICE Futures with the same maturity month as the Benchmark Oil Futures Contract.
In the Spring of 2020, significant market volatility occurred in the crude oil markets and the oil futures markets.
Such volatility was attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic, related supply chain disruptions and disputes among oil-producing countries over the potential limits on the production of crude oil, and a corresponding collapse in demand for crude oil and a lack of on-land storage for crude oil.
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